Annals of surgery
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To define the relationship between the duration of smoking cessation and postoperative complications for patients with lung cancer undergoing surgical treatment. ⋯ Smoking cessation at least 3 weeks prior to the surgical treatment of lung cancer is associated with reduced morbidity and mortality. Providers should aggressively encourage smoking cessation in the preoperative period, since it can disproportionately impact outcomes in early-stage lung cancer.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy with CAPOX versus Chemoradiation for Locally Advanced Rectal Cancer with Uninvolved Mesorectal Fascia (CONVERT): Initial Results of a Phase III Trial.
To compare neoadjuvant chemotherapy (nCT) with CAPOX alone versus neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (nCRT) with capecitabine in locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC) with uninvolved mesorectal fascia (MRF). ⋯ nCT achieved similar pCR and downstaging rates with lower incidence of perioperative distant metastasis and preventive ileostomy compared with nCRT. CAPOX could be an effective alternative to neoadjuvant therapy in LARC with uninvolved MRF. Long-term follow-up is needed to confirm these results.
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To examine the association of BMI with mortality and related outcomes after oncologic esophagectomy. ⋯ Both high BMI and low BMI were associated with mortality, major complications and multiple complications after esophagectomy for esophageal cancer. Patients with low BMI were more likely to die once a major complication occurred. The present results can assist with risk stratification in patients undergoing oncologic esophagectomy.
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Perioperative anemia has been associated with increased risk of red blood cell transfusion and increased morbidity and mortality after surgery. The optimal approach to the diagnosis and management of perioperative anemia is not fully established. ⋯ Early identification and effective treatment of anemia has the potential to improve clinical outcomes in surgical patients.
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The aim of this study was to explore beliefs and behaviors of opioid pain medications among patients undergoing elective surgery. ⋯ Patients undergoing common surgical procedures often arrive at their surgical encounter with strong, pre-formed opinions about opioids. Eliciting these preexisting opinions may help surgeons better counsel patients about safe opioid use after surgery.