Articles: critical-care.
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End-tidal carbon dioxide (ETCO2) monitoring is an effective tool to continuously assess the adequacy of ventilation in critically ill infants and children. Optimal clinical application of this noninvasive monitoring technique requires an understanding of the physiologic principles of ETCO2 monitoring and its unique technologic considerations.
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Decisions regarding the application and care of airways in respiratory failure are important determinants of outcome in critically ill patients. Specialized procedures for institution of translaryngeal intubation in difficult circumstances, such as fiberoptic intubation, and provision of immediate surgical airway access, such as cricothyroidotomy, are requisite skills for the intensivist. The evolving application of standard techniques and advent of newer procedures for airway cannulation require extensive experience and cognitive skills in the management of tracheal intubation to enhance patient benefit and limit adverse effects from tracheal intubation.
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Mayo Clinic proceedings · Jul 1990
A computerized simulator for critical-care training: new technology for medical education.
A patient simulator has been developed for training, certification, modeling, and demonstrating problems in the management of critical-care patients. The Critical Care & Hemodynamic Monitoring Training System consists of a personal computer, software, and a replica of a human torso designed to enable students to practice critical-care medicine. The computer displays patient histories, laboratory results, treatment options, patient responses, and a real-time cardiac monitor. ⋯ Instead, authors build a library of informative cases by using the hardware and software tools provided. Individual "modules" of patient information are authored, and these are transparently linked as a student undertakes management of a patient. Although this system is a technologic achievement, determination of its usefulness as an instructional tool or certification aid must come from broader use and controlled studies.