Articles: respiratory-distress-syndrome.
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Critical care medicine · Jun 1996
Comparative StudyEvaluation of gas exchange, pulmonary compliance, and lung injury during total and partial liquid ventilation in the acute respiratory distress syndrome.
To investigate whether pulmonary compliance and gas exchange will be sustained during "total" perfluorocarbon liquid ventilation followed by "partial" perfluorocarbon liquid ventilation when compared with gas ventilation in the setting of the acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). ⋯ In a model of severe ARDS, pulmonary gas exchange is improved during total followed by partial liquid ventilation. Pulmonary compliance is improved during total, but not during partial liquid ventilation. Total followed by partial liquid ventilation was associated with a reduction in alveolar hemorrhage, pulmonary edema, and lung inflammatory infiltration.
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Induced hypothermia as adjunctive therapy has been the subject of considerable research interest and debate for over fifty years. Recently the first prospective randomized controlled trials were undertaken in humans with severe traumatic brain injury, with supportive results. Another prospective controlled study of induced hypothermia in severe septic adult respiratory distress syndrome also suggested improved outcome. ⋯ In addition, hypokalaemia, prolonged clotting times and neutropenia may occur. The evidence that induced hypothermia may be hazardous is mostly drawn from the literature on accidental hypothermia occurring in trauma, or patients with sepsis. It is likely that further trials will be conducted and if benefit is confirmed, induced hypothermia may become more widely used in selected patients in the intensive care unit.
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J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. · Jun 1996
Detection of IL-5 and IL-1 receptor antagonist in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid in acute eosinophilic pneumonia.
Acute eosinophilic pneumonia is an idiopathic cause of respiratory failure, characterized by very high numbers of alveolar eosinophils without significant blood eosinophilia. ⋯ Acute eosinophilic pneumonia is characterized by locally high levels of IL-5, IL-1ra, and soluble type II IL-1 receptor in the alveolar space.
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Critical care medicine · Jun 1996
Gabexate mesilate, a synthetic protease inhibitor, attenuates endotoxin-induced pulmonary vascular injury by inhibiting tumor necrosis factor production by monocytes.
In order to determine whether gabexate mesilate, a synthetic protease inhibitor with anticoagulant properties, is useful for the treatment of adult respiratory distress syndrome, we examined its effect on endotoxin-induced pulmonary vascular injury in rats. ⋯ Our findings suggest that gabexate mesilate attenuated endotoxin-induced pulmonary vascular injury mainly by inhibiting TNF-alpha production by monocytes, which may play a central role in sepsis-related lung injury.