Articles: respiratory-distress-syndrome.
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Previous studies evaluating the incidence of patent ductus arteriosus have not made a distinction between physiologic ductal patency and abnormally persistent ductus arteriosus. However, it has recently been shown that healthy premature infants without respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) undergo spontaneous closure of the ductus arteriosus in the first 4 days of life at times comparable to full-term infants. Thus, ductal patency within this time frame would appear to be physiologic. ⋯ By the fourth day of life, only 4 of 36 (11.1%) of the infants continued to have evidence of ductal patency. The remainder of the infants underwent spontaneous functional closure of the ductus arteriosus at times comparable to healthy infants without RDS. For most infants greater than or equal to 30 weeks gestation, uncomplicated RDS does not alter the usual timing of functional ductal closure.
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Anesteziol Reanimatol · Jul 1990
[Blood platelet level and platelet aggregation in adult respiratory distress syndrome].
39 patients after surgery for generalized peritonitis with adult respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) in the postoperative period have been examined. It is suggested that platelets play a certain role in the pathogenesis of ARDS and may serve as one of the mechanisms triggering disturbances in the function of both pulmonary vessels and respiratory airways. The degree of changes in platelet number and aggregation "below" and "above" the lungs may predict the severity of ARDS.
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Acta Paediatr Scand · Jun 1990
Early treatment of idiopathic respiratory distress syndrome using binasal continuous positive airway pressure.
During a 3-year period (1979-81) 85 premature infants with idiopathic respiratory distress (IRDS) were treated early with an easily applicable light-weight CPAP-system with a binasal tube and a gas jet. We used conservative criteria for ventilator treatment. The treatment proved sufficient in 18 out of 25 infants with a birth weight less than or equal to 1500 g and in 53 out of 60 infants with a birth weight greater than 1500 g. ⋯ Seventy-four infants survived, all without bronchopulmonary dysplasia. At the age of 1.5-4.5 years the incidence of respiratory tract infections did not differ from that in a group of siblings; and the incidence of lower respiratory tract infections was low compared to previous studies. With the criteria used, early CPAP proved effective in the majority of infants with IRDS.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Multicenter trial of single-dose modified bovine surfactant extract (Survanta) for prevention of respiratory distress syndrome. Ross Collaborative Surfactant Prevention Study Group.
A multicenter, prospective randomized controlled trial was performed comparing the efficacy of a single intratracheal dose of modified bovine surfactant extract (Survanta, 100 mg/kg, Abbott Laboratory, North Chicago, IL) with air placebo in preventing respiratory distress syndrome. Infants were enrolled if they were estimated to be between 24 and 30 weeks' gestation, weighed between 750 and 1250 g, and were intubated and stabilized within 15 minutes after birth. A total of 160 infants were treated (79 with surfactant, 81 with air placebo) between 4 and 37 minutes after birth (median time 12 minutes). ⋯ According to results of a secondary analysis, there was improvement in the fraction of inspired oxygen and a greater number of survivors without bronchopulmonary dysplasia in the subgroup of infants weighing less than 1000 g who were treated with surfactant. It was concluded that a single dose of Survanta given shortly after birth resulted in decreased severity of chest radiographic findings 24 hours after treatment and improved oxygenation during 72 hours after treatment, but did not improve other acute measures of disease severity or clinical status later in the neonatal period. The group at highest risk for respiratory distress syndrome (infants with birth weights between 750 and 999 g) may benefit the most from preventive therapy.