Articles: mortality.
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Critical care medicine · Jan 1994
Comparative StudyInfluence of nosocomial infection on mortality rate in an intensive care unit.
To assess the impact of nosocomial infection on the mortality rate in an intensive care unit (ICU). ⋯ Nosocomial infection increases the risk of death. The effect is stronger in younger and less severely ill patients.
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Critical care medicine · Jan 1994
Pretransport Pediatric Risk of Mortality (PRISM) score underestimates the requirement for intensive care or major interventions during interhospital transport.
To test the hypothesis that a pretransport Pediatric Risk of Mortality (PRISM) score underestimates the requirement for both intensive care and interventions during pediatric interhospital transport. ⋯ PRISM scores determined before interhospital transfer of pediatric patients underestimated the requirement for intensive care and the performance of major interventions in the pretransport setting. Many patients with low PRISM scores required intensive care on admission to the receiving hospital and major interventions during the transport process, and, therefore, were not at "low risk" for clinical deterioration. The PRISM score should not be used as a severity of illness measure or triage tool for pediatric interhospital transport.
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Bull. World Health Organ. · Jan 1994
ReviewNutritional status as a predictor of child survival: summarizing the association and quantifying its global impact.
By pooling the results from five previously published prospective studies, we have obtained estimates of the relative risks of mortality among young children 6-24 months after they had been identified as having mild-to-moderate or severe malnutrition. These risk estimates, along with global malnutrition prevalence data, were then used to calculate the total number of young-childhood deaths "attributable" to malnutrition in developing countries. Young children (6-60 months of age) with mild-to-moderate malnutrition (60-80% of the median weight-for-age of the reference population) had 2.2 times the risk of dying during the follow-up period than their better nourished counterparts (> 80% of the median reference weight-for-age). ⋯ Each year approximately 2.3 million deaths of young children in developing countries (41% of the total for this age group) are associated with malnutrition. The comparability of studies, methods used to derive pooled values, potentially confounding factors that may influence risk estimates, and the validity of the results are discussed. Child survival programmes should assign greater priority to the control of childhood malnutrition.