Articles: mortality.
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Observational Study
The epidemiology and outcomes of severe road traffic injury by road user type in Korea: A nationwide retrospective observational study.
Road traffic injuries (RTIs) pose a significant public health burden, and more than half of these fatalities are attributed to vulnerable road users (VRUs). This study aimed to evaluate the epidemiology and outcomes of severe RTIs in Korea by focusing on different types of road users. ⋯ We found varying trends and injury characteristics in severe RTIs according to road user type. Adapting prevention strategies for evolving road user patterns, with particular attention to increasing safety device usage and addressing the high mortality associated with severe RTIs are warranted.
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Small airways obstruction (SAO) is common in general populations. It has been associated with respiratory symptoms, cardiometabolic diseases, and progression to COPD over time. Whether SAO predicts mortality is largely unknown. ⋯ Individuals with SAO have an increased risk of all-cause and disease-specific mortality. Further studies are needed to determine whether SAO causes mortality or is a marker of underlying disease.
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Our objective was to determine whether Child Opportunity Index (COI), a measure of neighborhood socioeconomic and built environment specific to children, mediated the relationship of census tract Black or Hispanic predominance with increased rates of census tract violence-related mortality. The hypothesis was that COI would partially mediate the relationship. This cross-sectional study combined data from the American Community Survey 5-year estimates, the COI 2.0, and the Illinois Violent Death Reporting System 2015-2019 for the City of Chicago. ⋯ Approximately 64.9% (95% CI 60.2-80.0%) of the effect of census tract Black predominance and 67.9% (95% CI 61.2-200%) of the effect of census tract Hispanic predominance on violence-related mortality was indirect via COI. COI partially mediated the effect of census tract Black and Hispanic predominance on census tract violence-related mortality. Interventions that target neighborhood social and economic factors should be considered to reduce violence-related mortality among children and adolescents.
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Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a leading cause of cancer mortality globally, underscoring the urgency for a noninvasive and effective biomarker to enhance patient prognosis. Circulating tumor cells (CTCs), a potential marker for real-time tumor monitoring, are limited in clinical utility due to the low sensitivity of existing detection methods. Previously, we introduced a novel nano-based CTCs detection method that relies on the electrical properties of cell surfaces, thus eliminating the need for specific molecular biomarkers. In this study, we used this technique to evaluate the diagnostic and prognostic value of CTCs in stage II-IV CRC. ⋯ Our study indicates the potential of nano-based CTCs detection in diagnosing and predicting outcomes for patients with stage II-IV CRC.
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Chronic pain (CP) significantly impacts quality of life and increases noncommunicable disease risk, with recent U. S. data showing a 6.3% incidence rate, surpassing diabetes, depression, and hypertension. International studies suggest higher mortality in CP populations, yet prior U. ⋯ PERSPECTIVE: This article presents evidence regarding the relationship between CP, HICP, and mortality. Additional findings are discussed regarding the impact of demographics, lifestyle, and psychosocial variables on mortality in those with versus without CP and HICP. These findings are crucial for informing future research, prevention, and healthcare management strategies.