Articles: brain-injuries.
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Advances over the past two decades in functional neuroimaging have provided new diagnostic and prognostic tools for patients with severe brain injury. Some of the most pertinent developments in this area involve the assessment of residual brain function in patients in the intensive care unit during the acute phase of severe injury, when they are at their most vulnerable and prognosis is uncertain. ⋯ Yet, technical and logistical challenges to clinical integration of these advanced neuroimaging techniques remain, such as the need for specialised expertise to acquire, analyse, and interpret data and to determine the appropriate timing for such assessments. Once these barriers are overcome, advanced functional neuroimaging technologies could improve diagnosis and prognosis for millions of patients worldwide.
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Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a common reason for presenting to emergency departments (EDs). The assessment of these patients is frequently hampered by various confounders, and diagnostics is still often based on nonspecific clinical signs. Throughout Europe, there is wide variation in clinical practices, including the follow-up of those discharged from the ED. ⋯ The main results of this paper contain practical, clinically usable recommendations for acute clinical assessment, decision-making on acute head computerized tomography (CT), use of biomarkers, discharge options, and needs for follow-up, as well as a discussion of the main features and risk factors for prolonged recovery. In conclusion, this consensus paper provides a practical stepwise approach for the clinical assessment of patients with an acute TBI at the ED. Recommendations are given for the performance of acute head CT, use of brain biomarkers and disposition after ED care including careful patient information and organization of follow-up for those discharged.
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Traumatic brain injury (TBI) has become a major source of disability worldwide, increasing the interest in algorithms that use artificial intelligence (AI) to optimize the interpretation of imaging studies, prognosis estimation, and critical care issues. In this study we present a bibliometric analysis and mini-review on the main uses that have been developed for TBI in AI. ⋯ AI has become a relevant research field in TBI during the last 20 years, demonstrating great potential in imaging, but a more modest performance for prognostic estimation and neuromonitoring.