Articles: brain-injuries.
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Stereotact Funct Neurosurg · Jan 2001
Comparative StudySpinal cord stimulation prevents the effects of combined experimental ischemic and traumatic brain injury. An MR study.
Spinal cord stimulation (SCS) interferes with cerebral blood flow (CBF). In this paper we try to evaluate the possible preventing effect of SCS in an animal model of combined ischemic and traumatic injury. ⋯ MR examination was performed in all the animals at the end of the experiments. Compared to the control group none but one of the SCS showed lesional pattern far from the craniectomy suggesting a 'preventing' effect of SCS on the secondary damage associated with our model combined ischemic and traumatic brain injury.
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Critical care medicine · Jan 2001
Meta AnalysisReview of the use of somatosensory evoked potentials in the prediction of outcome after severe brain injury.
Review the predictive powers of somatosensory evoked potentials (SEPs) in severe brain injury. ⋯ SEPs are powerful predictors of outcome, particularly poor outcome, if patients with focal lesions, subdural effusions, and those who have had recent decompressive craniotomies are excluded.
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Common causes to consultate a neuroradiologist in case of emergencies are trauma, brain infarction, or intracranial bleeding. Patients with brain infarction need a rapid assessment of the potentially nonnecrotic area within the ischaemic lesion. ⋯ With cranial computed tomography (CT) a thorough evaluation and staging of ischaemic stroke is possible with respect to thrombolysis. To detect irreversible damage of brain tissue, a combined perfusion-diffusion MRI should be performed.
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Journal of neurotrauma · Jan 2001
The impact of hypercarbia on the evolution of brain injury in a porcine model of traumatic brain injury and systemic hemorrhage.
Carbon dioxide is perhaps the most potent available modulator of cerebrovascular tone and thus cerebral blood flow (CBF). These experiments evaluate the impact of induced hypercarbia on the matching of blood flow and metabolism in the injured brain. We explore the hypothesis that hypercarbia will restore the relationship of CBF to metabolic demand, resulting in improved outcome following traumatic brain injury (TBI) and hemorrhage. ⋯ Parenchymal injury was significantly decreased in hypercarbic animals: 3/10 hypercarbic versus 6/8 normocarbic animals showed cerebral contusions at the gray/white interface (p = 0.05). The hypercarbic group had significantly better behavioral outcome scores, 10.5, versus 7.3 for the normocarbic groups (p = 0.005). The decreased incidence of cerebral contusion and improved behavioral outcome scores in our experiments appear to be mediated by better matching of cerebral metabolism and blood flow, suggesting that manipulations modulating the balance of blood flow and metabolism in injured brain may improve outcomes from TBI.
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To examine the utility of neuropsychological tests in assessing college athletes prior to and following a sports-related mild Traumatic Brain Injury (mTBI). ⋯ Neuropsychological tests are useful in the detection of cognitive impairment following mTBI. The test data appear to be more effective than subjective report of symptoms in differentiating between injured and noninjured athletes at 48 hours postinjury. Although significant individual variability existed, most injured athletes recovered within 1 week of injury. A battery of tests, rather than any single test, is necessary to capture the variability that exists among injured athletes.