Articles: brain-injuries.
-
Acta neuropathologica · Feb 1997
Chronic histopathological consequences of fluid-percussion brain injury in rats: effects of post-traumatic hypothermia.
Early outcome measures of experimental traumatic brain injury (TBI) are useful for characterizing the traumatic severity as well as for clarifying the pathomechanisms underlying patterns of neuronal vulnerability. However, it is increasingly apparent that acute outcome measures may not always be accurate predictors of chronic outcome, particularly when assessing the efficacy of potential therapeutic regimens. This study examined the chronic histopathological outcome in rats 8 weeks following fluid-percussive TBI coupled with moderate post-traumatic brain hypothermia, a protocol that provides acute neuronal protection. ⋯ Lateral ventricles were substantially enlarged in the TBI-normothermia group, an effect which was significantly attenuated by post-TBI hypothermia. The attenuation of lateral ventricular dilation by post-traumatic hypothermia is indicative of chronic neuroprotection in this TBI model. These data provide new information concerning the chronic histopathological consequence of experimental TBI and the relevance of this trauma model to chronic human head injury.
-
Zhonghua Wai Ke Za Zhi · Feb 1997
[Relation of continuous ICP, CPP monitoring with prognosis for severe brain injury].
We analysed the treatment results of two groups of patients. Group I included 50 patients with severe brain injury with GCS 3-8, on whom continuous intracranial pressure (ICP) and cerebral perfusion pressure (CPP) monitoring was performed and Group II included 50 cases of similar patients, on whom no continuous ICP monitoring was performed. ⋯ Group II patients received the same intervention based on clinical observations, but they had relatively worse results. We are of the opinion that continuous ICP and CPP monitoring for severe brain injury patients helps find proper treatments and reduce mortality.
-
Tidsskr. Nor. Laegeforen. · Jan 1997
[Penetrating head and neck gunshot injuries. A 10-year neurological material].
37 patients with penetrating injuries of the head or upper neck caused by gunshot wounds were admitted to the neurosurgical department during the ten-year period 1986 to 1995. There was a marked preponderance of males. 29 of the cases were attempted or successful suicides, four were homicides, and four were presumed to be accidents. The most common weapons used were pistol and rifle. ⋯ Four of the patients suffered reduced vision, two of whom became blind. Two had hemiparesis, one had moderate mental dysfunction, and one recovered completely. None of the patients who were unconscious upon admission to hospital and had bilateral brain injury survived.
-
Acta Anaesthesiol Scand Suppl · Jan 1997
Aspects on the cerebral perfusion pressure during therapy of a traumatic head injury.
An actively raised cerebral perfusion pressure by vasopressors is nowadays often advocated during therapy of a post traumatic brain oedema to improve oxygenation of the brain. In this paper we argue that the arterial pressure not uncritically can be raised as the subsequent increase in hydrostatic capillary pressure may favour transcapillary filtration if the blood-brain barrier is opened for solutes. ⋯ An alternative therapeutical concept which both ensures an adequate oxygenation of the brain and controls the intracranial pressure (ICP) is given. In short, it implies active antistress and sedative treatment, adequate fluid therapy with blood and colloids to normal haemoglobine and albumin values, artificial ventilation to normal PaCO2 and PaO2, and this in combination with antihypertensive and catecholamine reducing treatment with alpha 2-agonist and beta 1-antagonist.