• Ejaz Ahmed Khan, Mazhar Hussain Raja, Shehla Chaudhry, Tehreem Zahra, Salman Naeem, and Masuma Anwar.
• Ejaz Ahmed Khan, MBBS, MD. Department of Pediatrics, Shifa International Hospital Ltd, Shifa Tameer-e-Millat University, Islamabad, Pakistan.
• Pak J Med Sci. 2020 May 1; 36 (4): 642-646.

ObjectiveThe objective of the study was to assess the outcome of upper respiratory tract infections (URTI) in healthy children.MethodsThis descriptive study was conducted on 314 children aged 3-36 months in the paediatric outpatient clinic and emergency department with symptoms of URTI (fever, cough, rhinorrhoea) for ≤5 days. Patient's demographics, clinical features, laboratory data and outcome were recorded. Follow up phone calls were made to parents on day 7 (response 93.6%) and day 14 (response 94.6%) to record outcome.ResultsA total of 314 children with URTIs were included. Majority (57.6%) were males and <1year of age (40%). Common manifestations of URTI were fever (89%), cough (79%), rhinorrhoea (62%), pharyngitis (79%) and conjunctivitis (46%). More than half (53%) had history of contact with URTI in a family member. Mean duration of symptoms was 2.7±1.3 days. Majority (93%) of children were given supportive treatment and only 6.7% received antibiotics initially. Most of children (76%) recovered within one week and 91.8% within two weeks with supportive care only. Only 4% children were hospitalized and 12% required follow up visit of which 16% needed oral antibiotics. Complications or deaths did not occur.ConclusionsMajority of URTIs in healthy children resolved with supportive treatment and do not require antibiotics. Antibiotic stewardship in simple URTIs should be practiced using awareness and advocacy campaigns.Copyright: © Pakistan Journal of Medical Sciences.

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