• Aldo Bonaventura, Federico Carbone, Alessandra Vecchié, Jennifer Meessen, Sandra Ferraris, Eduardo Beck, Roberto Keim, Silvia Minetti, Edoardo Elia, Daniele Ferrara, Anna Maria Ansaldo, Deborah Novelli, Pietro Caironi, Roberto Latini, and Fabrizio Montecucco.
• First Clinic of Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy.
• Eur. J. Clin. Invest. 2020 Oct 1; 50 (10): e13333.

BackgroundInflammatory biomarkers are useful in detecting patients with sepsis. The prognostic role of resistin and myeloperoxidase (MPO) has been investigated in sepsis.Materials And MethodsPlasma resistin and MPO were measured on days 1, 2 and 7 in 957 patients enrolled in the Albumin Italian Outcome Sepsis (ALBIOS) trial. The association between resistin and MPO levels on day 1, 2 and 7 and 90-day mortality was assessed.ResultsPlasma resistin and MPO concentrations were higher at day 1 and decreased until day 7. Both biomarkers were positively correlated with each other and with physiological parameters. Higher levels of resistin and MPO on day 1 were associated with the development of new organ failures. Patients experiencing death at 90 days showed higher levels of resistin and MPO compared with survivors. At day 1, only MPO in the 4th quartile (Q4), but not resistin, was found to predict 90-day death (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR] 1.55 vs Q1). At day 2, resistin in the Q3 and Q4 predicted a > 40% increase in mortality as also did MPO in the Q4. On day 7, Q4 resistin was able to predict 90-day mortality, while all quartiles of MPO were not.ConclusionsHigh levels of MPO, but not of resistin, on day 1 were able to predict 90-day mortality. These findings may either suggest that early hyper-activation of neutrophils is detrimental in patients with sepsis or reflect the burden of the inflammatory process caused by sepsis. Further studies are warranted to deepen these aspects (ALBIOS ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT00707122).© 2020 Stichting European Society for Clinical Investigation Journal Foundation. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

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