• Samar Al-Saleh, Khawla Abu Hammour, and Walid Abu Hammour.
• Research Department, Pediatric Infectious Disease Department, Al Jalila Children's Specialty Hospital AJCH, Dubai, United Arab Emirates.
• J Eval Clin Pract. 2020 Feb 1; 26 (1): 197-202.

IntroductionThe main leading cause of the upper respiratory tract infections (URTIs) is viral infection. However, parental attitudes often lead to inappropriate prescription of antibiotics contributing to development of antibiotic resistance. The aim of this study is to assess parental knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) towards the use of antibiotics in Dubai and to reveal the associated factors.MethodQuestionnaires were distributed to 500 parents of children who were visiting Al Jalila Children's Specialty Hospital in Dubai.ResultA total of 467 subjects agreed to participate in the study. Family income, educational level, nationality, age of the respondents, and numbers of children were identified as factors that significantly associated with inadequate knowledge, negative attitude, or malpractice.ConclusionThe study has identified key factors associated with misuse of URTI antibiotics and highlights the importance of targeting those groups with intervention programs and campaigns to increase awareness and decrease misconception of antibiotic use.© 2019 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

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