• Shahid Bashir, Ghulam Murtaza, Sultan Ayoub Meo, and Abeer Al-Masri.
• Shahid Bashir Berenson-Allen Centre for non Invasive brain stimulation, Boston, MA, Harvard Medical School, USA.
• Pak J Med Sci. 2020 Jul 1; 36 (5): 1042-1047.

ObjectivesCigarette and Shisha smoking is becoming a common practice in young generation worldwide. Since, this is a growing threat to public health, our study aims to investigate the cognitive function responses of cigarette and Shisha inhalation in adolescents.MethodsThis retrospective cross sectional study comprised three groups, cigarette smoker, Shisha smoker, and nonsmoker control group (each n=25). All the participants were apparently healthy male volunteers aged 21-24 years. Cognitive functions were assessed by employing "Cambridge Neuropsychological Test Automated Battery". The cognitive functions outcome variables were response time tasks (attention switching task (AST) and the percentage of correct answers pattern recognition memory (PRM) task.ResultsCigarette and Shisha smokers exhibited a considerable decline in cognitive performance parameters, AST mean correct latency (p=0.001), AST mean correct latency (congruent) (p=0.001), AST mean correct latency (incongruent) (p=0.001) and AST mean correct latency (switching) (p=0.001) compared to matched control group.ConclusionsCigarette and Shisha smokers exhibited significant impairment in their cognitive functions. The present study findings convince that cigarette and Shisha smokers should quit smoking.Copyright: © Pakistan Journal of Medical Sciences.

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