• Michał S Gniewkiewicz, Magdalena Czerwińska, Jolanta Gozdowska, Katarzyna Czerwińska, Anna Sadowska, Dominika Dęborska-Materkowska, Agnieszka Perkowska-Ptasińska, Maciej Kosieradzki, and Magdalena Durlik.
• Department of Transplantation Medicine, Nephrology and Internal Medicine, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
• Pol. Arch. Med. Wewn. 2019 Sep 30; 129 (9): 592-597.

IntroductionEarly prognostic markers that identify high‑risk kidney transplant recipients may lead to optimization of immunosuppressive therapy and improved long‑term outcomes.ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to assess whether the measurement of urinary concentrations of CCL2 and CXCL10 chemokines can be a valuable noninvasive tool for identifying ongoing pathological processes in a kidney allograft.Patients And MethodsThe study included 40 patients who underwent a protocol biopsy within 1‑year post kidney transplant. The urinary concentrations of CCL2 and CXCL10 with reference to creatinine in urine were assayed in all patients. On the basis of biopsy results, a study group was selected (n = 25), including patients with a diagnosis of interstitial fibrosis and tubular atrophy grades II to III (n = 16), BK virus (BKV) nephropathy (n = 4), or mild inflammatory lesions fulfilling the criteria for mild rejection processes or borderline lesions (n = 11). Patients with normal biopsy results were included in a control group (n = 15).ResultsThe ratio of CCL2 to creatinine (CCL2:Cr) was a significant independent predictor of BKV ephropathy (odds ratio, 1.1; 95% CI, 1.0-1.2; P = 0.04). The CXCL10:Cr ratio was not found to be an independent predictor of BKV nephropathy (odds ratio, 1.3; 95% CI, 0.99-1.71; P = 0.06).ConclusionsThe CCL2:Cr and CXCL10:Cr ratios may predict BKV nephropathy. The diagnostic value of CCL2 and CXCL10 in BKV infection should be further evaluated.

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