• Xin-Qi Cheng, Jun-Yan Zhang, Hao Wu, You-Mei Zuo, Li-Li Tang, Qing Zhao, and Er-Wei Gu.
• Department of Anesthesiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, 230022 Hefei, China. Electronic address: ay_mz_cheng@126.com.
• J Clin Anesth. 2020 Dec 1; 67: 110032.

Study ObjectiveTo investigate whether optimizing individualized goal-directed therapy (GDT) based on cerebral oxygen balance in high-risk surgical patients would reduce postoperative morbidity.DesignThis was a prospective, randomized, controlled study.SettingThe study was performed in the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China, from April 2017 to July 2018.Patients146 high-risk adult patients undergoing valve replacements or coronary artery bypass surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) were enrolled.InterventionPatients were randomized to an individualized GDT group or usual care group. Individualized GDT was targeted to achieve the following goals: A less than 20% decline in the regional cerebral oxygen saturation (rScO2) level from baseline; a less than 20% decline in the mean arterial pressure (MAP) from baseline, as well as a bispectral index (BIS) of 45-60 before and after CPB and 40-45 during CPB.MeasurementsThe primary outcome was a composite endpoint of 30-day mortality and major postoperative complications.Main Results128 completed the trial and were included in the modified intention-to-treat analysis. Early morbidity was similar between the GDT (25 [39%] of 65 patients) and usual care groups (33 [53%] of 63 patients) (relative risk 0.73, 95% CI 0.50-1.08; P = 0.15). Secondary analysis showed that 75 (59%) of 128 patients achieved individual targets (irrespective of intervention) and sustained less morbidity (relative risk 3.41, 95% CI 2.19-5.31; P < 0.001).ConclusionsIn high-risk patients undergoing cardiac surgery, individualized GDT therapy did not yield better outcomes, however, the achievement of preoperative individual targets may be associated with less morbidity.Trial RegistrationClinicaltrials.gov identifier: NCT03103633. Registered on 1 April 2017.Copyright © 2020 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

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