• Juan Silvestre G Pascual, Abdelsimar T Omar, Mairre James S Gaddi, Rafa Jireh O Iglesias, Katrina Hannah D Ignacio, Geraldine Raphaela B Jose, Mitchel S Berger, and Gerardo D Legaspi.
• Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Neurosciences, College of Medicine and Philippine General Hospital, University of the Philippines Manila, Manila, Philippines. Electronic address: jgpascual@up.edu.ph.
• World Neurosurg. 2021 Jan 1; 145: 500-507.e1.

BackgroundAwake craniotomy is a technique used to maximize resection of lesions in eloquent areas of the brain and preserve function. Although its use in high-income centers is well documented for tumors and vascular lesions, reports of its use in low-middle-income countries are limited. There are no published series from the Philippines.MethodsWe performed a retrospective review of all patients who underwent awake craniotomy at a tertiary referral center in Manila, Philippines from 2010 to 2019. Data on demographics, clinical features, diagnoses, intraoperative and postoperative complications, and outcomes were collected. Regression analyses were performed to correlate use of intraoperative adjuncts with outcome measures (extent of resection, complication rate, neurologic status after surgery and on last follow-up, and in-hospital mortality).ResultsA total of 65 patients were included in the cohort, who had a male predilection (60%) and a mean age at diagnosis of 40.4 years. The most common indication was tumor excision (90%), followed by excision of arteriovenous malformations (5%) and cavernomas (3%). Of the tumors, the most common histopathologic diagnosis was low-grade glioma (48%). The intraoperative complication rate was 13.8%, with the most common complication being patient intolerance. Gross total excision rate for tumors was 78.3%. Univariate analysis showed that use of a cortical stimulator was associated with improved neurologic status on last follow-up (P = 0.0471).ConclusionsOur experience shows that awake craniotomy is feasible in low-middle-income country settings and is safe and effective for excision of tumors, arteriovenous malformations, and cavernomas.Copyright © 2020 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

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