• Mona Moustafa El-Ganzoury, Rania A El-Farrash, Gihan Fouad Ahmed, Samah Ibrahim Hassan, and Noha M Barakat.
• Pediatrics Departments, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.
• Nutrition. 2021 Apr 1; 84: 111027.

ObjectiveThe poor preoperative nutritional state of children with congenital heart disease (CHD) is often exacerbated postoperatively. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of perioperative 1- versus 2-wk nutritional prehabilitation programs on growth and surgical outcomes in malnourished children with CHD.MethodsForty malnourished infants scheduled for elective CHD surgery were randomized to receive either 1 or 2 wk of a nutritional prehabilitation program. Pre- and postoperative anthropometric parameters and feeding characteristics, feeding tolerance, duration of mechanical ventilation, intensive care unit (ICU) length of stay (LOS) and total hospital LOS were documented.ResultsThe 2-wk prehabilitation group showed higher weight-for-age z-score and body mass index than the 1-wk group both preoperatively postnutritional, and postoperatively with significantly higher weight gain postoperatively. The 2-wk prehabilitation group had a shorter duration of postoperative mechanical ventilation, ICU LOS, and total hospital LOS.ConclusionThe 2-wk prehabilitation program was associated with better anthropometric measurements, shorter ICU LOS postoperatively, and shorter duration of hospitalization and mechanical ventilation. The preoperative nutritional status of children with CHD had a negative effect on ICU LOS and duration of mechanical ventilation.Copyright © 2020 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

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