• Olumuyiwa Samuel Alabi, Nuno Mendonça, Olufemi Ezekiel Adeleke, and Gabriela Jorge da Silva.
• Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology, University of Ibadan, Nigeria, West Africa.
• Afr Health Sci. 2017 Jun 1; 17 (2): 356365356-365.

BackgroundGlobally, and particularly in developing countries, the menace of anti-microbial resistance is an accelerating problem. In Nigeria, increase in bacterial resistance has been phenotypically established but due to high cost, few molecular studies have been reported.ObjectivesThis study screened for presence of transferable resistance genes and mobile genetic elements (MGEs) such as integron among multi-drug resistant (MDR) P. mirabilis.MethodsA total of 108 P. mirabilis strains collected from five tertiary hospitals in SouthWest Nigeria were subjected to antibiotic susceptibility study using disc-diffusion method. Transferable resistance genes and MGEs were amplified using Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis and amplicons sequenced.ResultsVaried resistance was observed against all the antibiotics tested. About 56% of the isolates were MDR including those from 0-12 years old children. PCR analysis revealed the presence of aac(6')-Ib (33.3%), plasmid mediated quinolone resistance (PMQR) genes [qnrA (36.7%), acc(6')-Ib-cr (5%)], TEM (48.3%), CTX-M (6.7%) and integrons class 1 (58.3%) and class 2 (26.7%). Sequencing analysis revealed blaTEM-1, blaCTX-M-15 associated with ISEcp1 and eight different arrays of gene cassettes: aadA1, aadA1-qacH, aadB-aadA2, aadA5, dfrA7, dfrA15, dfrA17, dfrA17-aadA5.ConclusionTransferable resistance genes in association with MGEs are present in Nigerian P. mirabilis thus their potential in disseminating resistance.

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