• Haleema Sadia, Munir Ahmad Bhinder, Asma Irshad, Beenish Zahid, Rais Ahmed, Sana Ashiq, Kausar Malik, Muhammad Riaz, Tariq Nadeem, Kanwal Ashiq, and Ali Akbar.
• Department of Biotechnology, Balochistan University of Information Technology, Engineering and Management Sciences, Quetta, Pakistan.
• Afr Health Sci. 2020 Sep 1; 20 (3): 1273-1282.

BackgroundPakistan has a high incidence of breast cancer in Asia, where annually 16,232 deaths are reported. There are many exogenous and endogenous risk factors that affect the tumor suppressor genes and oncogenes. The p53 gene is a tumor suppressor gene and it has a role to protect the whole genome from external and internal stresses, which causes damages to the genome.ObjectiveThe aim of the current study was to investigate the p53 gene expression by using the real-time PCR technique in different grades of breast cancer as compared to the normal tissue.MethodsFresh Modified Radical Mastectomy (MRM) samples (grade1-grade3) were collected from different hospitals of the Lahore. The project was approved by an ethical review committee of Jinnah Hospital, Lahore. And before sampling an informed consent was obtained from patients and clinicians. RNA from fresh biopsies was extracted by Qiagen extraction kit and cDNA was formed. Real time PCR performed by using SYBR green master mix (ABI) and the data was evaluated by using Livak method. Statistical analysis was done by using Microsoft Excel.ResultsThere was an abnormal gene expression of p53 in all grades of the breast tumors. Non-significant (p>0.05) difference of down and up regulation of p53 in different grades of breast tumor was found. However, as a whole up-regulation was more than down-regulation with significant difference (p<0.0011).ConclusionThe abnormal expression of p53 shows that there are some genetic and epigenetic factors which are the primal cause of an abnormal gene expression. It is recommended that perform next generation sequencing (NGS) of the gene to find out the mutations causing the abnormal behavior of p53 gene.© 2020 Sadia H et al.

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