• Marc J Gunter, Neil Murphy, Amanda J Cross, Laure Dossus, Laureen Dartois, Guy Fagherazzi, Rudolf Kaaks, Tilman Kühn, Heiner Boeing, Krasimira Aleksandrova, Anne Tjønneland, Anja Olsen, Kim Overvad, Sofus Christian Larsen, Maria Luisa Redondo Cornejo, Antonio Agudo, María José Sánchez Pérez, Jone M Altzibar, Carmen Navarro, Eva Ardanaz, Kay-Tee Khaw, Adam Butterworth, Kathryn E Bradbury, Antonia Trichopoulou, Pagona Lagiou, Dimitrios Trichopoulos, Domenico Palli, Sara Grioni, Paolo Vineis, Salvatore Panico, Rosario Tumino, Bas Bueno-de-Mesquita, Peter Siersema, Max Leenders, BeulensJoline W JJWJFrom International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France; Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom; Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France; German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany; German Institute of Human , Cuno U Uiterwaal, Peter Wallström, Lena Maria Nilsson, Rikard Landberg, Elisabete Weiderpass, Guri Skeie, Tonje Braaten, Paul Brennan, Idlir Licaj, David C Muller, Rashmi Sinha, Nick Wareham, and Elio Riboli.
• From International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France; Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom; Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France; German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany; German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, Nuthetal, Germany; Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark; Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark; Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, Frederiksberg, Denmark; Public Health Directorate, Asturias, Spain; Catalan Institute of Oncology, Barcelona, Spain; Andalusian School of Public Health, Granada, Spain; Public Health Division of Gipuzkoa, Basque Regional Health Department, San Sebastián, Spain; Murcia Regional Health Council, Murcia, Spain; Navarre Public Health Institute, Pamplona, Spain; University of Cambridge and MRC Epidemiology Unit, Cambridge, United Kingdom; University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom; Hellenic Health Foundation, Athens, Greece; Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts; Cancer Research and Prevention Institute-ISPO, Florence, Italy; Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy; Federico II University, Naples, Italy; "Civic - M.P. Arezzo" Hospital, ASP Ragusa, Ragusa, Italy; National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven, the Netherlands; University Medical Centre, Utrecht, the Netherlands; Malmö University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden; Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden; Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden; University of Tromsø, The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway; and National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland.
• Ann. Intern. Med. 2017 Aug 15; 167 (4): 236247236-247.

BackgroundThe relationship between coffee consumption and mortality in diverse European populations with variable coffee preparation methods is unclear.ObjectiveTo examine whether coffee consumption is associated with all-cause and cause-specific mortality.DesignProspective cohort study.Setting10 European countries.Participants521 330 persons enrolled in EPIC (European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition).MeasurementsHazard ratios (HRs) and 95% CIs estimated using multivariable Cox proportional hazards models. The association of coffee consumption with serum biomarkers of liver function, inflammation, and metabolic health was evaluated in the EPIC Biomarkers subcohort (n = 14 800).ResultsDuring a mean follow-up of 16.4 years, 41 693 deaths occurred. Compared with nonconsumers, participants in the highest quartile of coffee consumption had statistically significantly lower all-cause mortality (men: HR, 0.88 [95% CI, 0.82 to 0.95]; P for trend < 0.001; women: HR, 0.93 [CI, 0.87 to 0.98]; P for trend = 0.009). Inverse associations were also observed for digestive disease mortality for men (HR, 0.41 [CI, 0.32 to 0.54]; P for trend < 0.001) and women (HR, 0.60 [CI, 0.46 to 0.78]; P for trend < 0.001). Among women, there was a statistically significant inverse association of coffee drinking with circulatory disease mortality (HR, 0.78 [CI, 0.68 to 0.90]; P for trend < 0.001) and cerebrovascular disease mortality (HR, 0.70 [CI, 0.55 to 0.90]; P for trend = 0.002) and a positive association with ovarian cancer mortality (HR, 1.31 [CI, 1.07 to 1.61]; P for trend = 0.015). In the EPIC Biomarkers subcohort, higher coffee consumption was associated with lower serum alkaline phosphatase; alanine aminotransferase; aspartate aminotransferase; γ-glutamyltransferase; and, in women, C-reactive protein, lipoprotein(a), and glycated hemoglobin levels.LimitationsReverse causality may have biased the findings; however, results did not differ after exclusion of participants who died within 8 years of baseline. Coffee-drinking habits were assessed only once.ConclusionCoffee drinking was associated with reduced risk for death from various causes. This relationship did not vary by country.Primary Funding SourceEuropean Commission Directorate-General for Health and Consumers and International Agency for Research on Cancer.

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