• Qiang Tu, Hu Chen, Huan-Wen Ding, Guang-Wen Yu, Qiu-Ju Miao, Jian-Jian Shen, Xian-Hua Huang, Yong Tang, Hong Xia, and Jian-Zhong Xu.
• Department of Orthopaedics, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China; Department of Orthopaedics, General Hospital of Southern Theatre Command of PLA, Guangdong, China; Department of Orthopaedics, The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangdong, China.
• World Neurosurg. 2021 May 1; 149: e969-e981.

ObjectiveThis study aimed to explore the clinical application of three-dimensional (3D) printing technology in the surgical treatment of congenital scoliosis caused by hemivertebrae.MethodsTwenty-four patients (11 in the 3D-printing group and 13 in the conventional group) with scoliosis secondary to a single hemivertebra were retrospectively reviewed. All patients underwent hemivertebrectomy and short-segment fixation. Virtual preoperative planning, operation simulation, and intraoperative application of 3D-printed patient-specific templates were performed in the 3D-printing group. Hemorrhage volume, operation time, transfusion, and complications were noted. Radiographic parameters were evaluated preoperatively, postoperatively, and at final follow-up.ResultsAll patients had different degrees of successfully corrected scoliosis. There was a similar correction of the Cobb angle postoperatively between the 2 groups. The operation time, blood loss, transfusion, time for the insertion of each screw, accuracy of screw placement, and complication rate in the 3D-printing group were significantly superior to those in the control group. No patient experienced major complications. No significant correction loss or instrument dysfunction was observed during follow-up.ConclusionsAs a viable and effective auxiliary technology, 3D printing makes it possible for surgery to meet both surgeon-specific and patient-specific requirements. 3D-printed individualized templates allow surgery for the correction of congenital scoliosis to enter a new stage of personalized precision surgery.Copyright © 2021 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

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