• Nutrition · May 2021

    Incidence of metabolic syndrome in adults with healthy weight, normal weight obesity, and overweight/obesity.

    • Carla Cristine Nascimento da Silva Coelho, Maylla Luanna Barbosa Martins Bragança, Bianca Rodrigues de Oliveira, Heloisa Bettiol, Marco Antônio Barbieri, Viviane Cunha Cardoso, and Silva Antônio Augusto Moura da AAMD Postgraduation Program of Collective Health, Department of Public Health, Federal University of Maranhão, São Luís, Maranhão, Brazil..
    • Postgraduation Program of Collective Health, Department of Public Health, Federal University of Maranhão, São Luís, Maranhão, Brazil. Electronic address: carlacristinecoelho@gmail.com.
    • Nutrition. 2021 May 1; 85: 111134.

    ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to estimate the incidence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) in individuals with a healthy weight (HWI), normal weight obesity (NWO), or overweight/obesity (OWO).MethodsIn all, 787 adults belonging to a 1978/1979 birth cohort from Ribeirão Preto were placed into one of three groups: HWI (body mass index [BMI] ≥18.5 and <25 kg/m2 + ∑skinfolds ≤90th percentile); NWO (BMI ≥18.5 and <25 kg/m2 +∑skinfolds >90th percentile); and OWO (BMI ≥25 kg/m2 +∑skinfolds >90th percentile). Those diagnosed with MetS at the 23 to 25 y of age were excluded according to Joint Interim Statement criteria. The incidence of MetS and its components in individuals 37 to 39 y of age was evaluated by Poisson regression with robust estimation of variance, which was adjusted for family income; physical activity level; and daily intake of calories, lipids, and added sugar.ResultsMetS was detected in 279 adults at 37 to 39 y of age. NWO and OWO individuals showed higher risk ratios (RRs) for the development of MetS (RR,1.87; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.36-2.57; RR, 1.61; 95% CI, 1.29-2.03), increased blood glucose levels (RR, 1.77; 95% CI, 1.12-2.79; RR, 1.51; 95% CI, 1.12-2.04), and increased waist circumferences (RR, 1.46; 95% CI, 1.32-1.61; RR, 1.50; 95% CI, 1.38-1.62). There was a higher risk for increased blood pressure (RR, 1.72; 95% CI, 1.35-2.19) among OWO individuals, but not among those with NWO.ConclusionIndividuals with NWO have a risk ratio for MetS similar to individuals with OWO. This demonstrates the need to assess body fat percentages, even in BMI-designated normal weight individuals, both for prevention and management of obesity.Copyright © 2021 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

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