• Federico Bianchi, Giorgio Ducoli, Federica Moriconi, ChieffoDaniela Pia RosariaDPRClinical Psychology Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy; Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy., Carmelo Anile, and Gianpiero Tamburrini.
• Pediatric Neurosurgery, Institute of Neurosurgery, Fondazione Policlinico Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy. Electronic address: fede0786@hotmail.it.
• World Neurosurg. 2021 May 1; 149: 104-110.

ObjectiveLong-standing overt ventriculomegaly in adults (LOVA) is form of hydrocephalus that develops during childhood, manifesting its symptoms during adulthood. Only a small number of LOVA case series have been published, and controversies regarding optimal management still exist. The authors collected a series of symptomatic LOVA patients treated successfully using endoscopic third ventriculostomy (ETV), aiming to strengthen what has been reported in the literature on ETV's role in both neurologic and neurocognitive outcomes.MethodsBetween 2002 and 2020, we collected 40 case studies of patients treated using an ETV. Associated pathologies were documented in 14 cases. All patients underwent magnetic resonance scans preoperatively and postoperatively while only 29 patients were submitted during follow-up to neurocognitive assessment.ResultAt a mean follow-up of 6 years, 36 patients (90%) reported either an improvement or a stabilization of their presenting symptoms. Headache improved subjectively in 11 patients (27.5%), balance and gait disturbances improved in all patients, urinary incontinence improved in 24 patients (60%), memory disturbances subjectively improved in 21 patients (52.5%), and visual deficits improved in 5 patients (12.5%). Four patients (10%) had symptom progression, which occurred 6 to 24 months after surgery with radiologic evidence of ETV failure.ConclusionsLOVA is a form of hydrocephalus that must be correctly identified. A correct magnetic resonance study and comprehensive neuropsychologic assessment are crucial to identify it in order to define proper management. From our analysis, ETV represents the gold standard treatment granting rewarding results that are maintained in a long-term follow-up.Copyright © 2021 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

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