• Usha Adiga, Nandit Banawalikar, Sriprajna Mayur, Radhika Bansal, Nafeesath Ameera, and Sudhindra Rao.
• Department of Biochemistry, KS Hegde Medical Academy, NITTE-Deemed to be University, Mangalore, Karnataka, India.
• J Chin Med Assoc. 2021 Apr 1; 84 (4): 383-388.

BackgroundType 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a chronic disease that is characterized by impaired glucose metabolism and insulin resistance. The objectives of the study were to evaluate the pattern of leptin receptor gene polymorphism Gln223Arg in T2DM and to identify its association with the serum leptin and insulin levels as well as with insulin resistance in diabetes.MethodsIn this cross-sectional study, genotyping of leptin receptor was done for Gln223Arg alleles by PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism in 39 patients with type 2 diabetes. Serum leptin and insulin levels were assayed using enzyme linked sorbent assay in 39 cases and 45 nondiabetic controls. Insulin resistance was calculated by the homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) formula. Statistical analysis was performed with Graph pad Instat version 3.ResultsHardy-Weinberg Equilibrium for the leptin receptor (LEPR) gene variants showed that alleles were in equilibrium. Leptin levels were insignificantly low in patients with diabetes compared to those in controls. Women in the control group showed significantly higher leptin levels (p < 0.05) compared with men. There was a significant difference in the serum insulin levels and insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) among patients with different genotypes (p = 0.04 and p = 0.0378, respectively).ConclusionLeptin receptor gene polymorphism affected glucose metabolism by altering insulin resistance and pancreatic beta cells. Thus, single-nucleotide polymorphism of LEPR may affect the pathogenesis of T2DM.Copyright © 2021, the Chinese Medical Association.

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