• Ocul. Immunol. Inflamm. · Jul 2020

    Review

    COVID-19 and the Ocular Surface: A Review of Transmission and Manifestations.

    • Dawn Ho, Rebecca Low, Louis Tong, Vishali Gupta, Aravamudan Veeraraghavan, and Rupesh Agrawal.
    • Department of Ophthalmology, National Healthcare Group Eye Institute , Singapore, Singapore.
    • Ocul. Immunol. Inflamm. 2020 Jul 3; 28 (5): 726-734.

    PurposeThe outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has reached pandemic proportions within an unprecedented span of time. It is controversial whether the virus can be transmitted via tears and its ocular implications have not been widely studied. In this article, the current evidence related to ocular transmission and ocular manifestations is reviewed.ResultsSeveral mechanisms for the ocular transmission of the virus are proposed with highlight on the nasolacrimal system as a conduit between the eye and the respiratory tract, and the role of the lacrimal gland in hematogenous spread. Ocular surface manifestations such as conjunctivitis are more commonly reported.ConclusionThe exact pathophysiology of ocular transmission of the virus remains incompletely understood, although there is preliminary evidence of SARS-CoV-2 being detected in ocular secretions. The ocular tropism of the virus and its potential to cause localized ocular disease are worth considering.

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