• Carson Welker, Jeffrey Huang, GilIván J NúñezIJNDepartment of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Institute, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Madrid, Spain., and Harish Ramakrishna.
• Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN.
• J. Cardiothorac. Vasc. Anesth. 2022 Apr 1; 36 (4): 118811951188-1195.

AbstractAcute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a heterogeneous lung disease responsible for significant morbidity and mortality among critically ill patients, including those infected with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, the virus responsible for coronavirus disease 2019. Despite recent advances in pathophysiology, diagnostics, and therapeutics, ARDS is dangerously underdiagnosed, and supportive lung protective ventilation and prone positioning remain the mainstay interventions. Rescue therapies, including neuromuscular blockade and venovenous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation, remain a key component of clinical practice, although benefits are unclear. Even though coronavirus disease 2019 ARDS has some distinguishing features from traditional ARDS, including delayed onset, hyperinflammatory response, and pulmonary microthrombi, it clinically is similar to traditional ARDS and should be treated with established supportive therapies.Copyright © 2021 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

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