• Ying-Qiu Song, Nan Wang, Yun Qiao, Lei He, Xia Li, Xiao-Fang Zhang, Qian-Kun Yang, Run-Ze Wang, Rong He, Chen-Yu Wang, Yang-Wu Ren, Guang Li, and Tian-Lu Wang.
• Department of Radiotherapy, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shenyang, Liaoning, China.
• J. Cancer Res. Clin. Oncol. 2020 Apr 1; 146 (4): 1021-1031.

PurposeIn this retrospective study, we evaluated the treatment patterns and survival after positron emission tomography-computed tomography (PET/CT)-guided local consolidation therapy (LCT) for oligometastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).MethodsWe reviewed the medical records of Chinese patients with oligometastatic stage IV non-small cell lung cancer (≤ 5 metastases) who had undergone PET/CT and were eligible for systemic therapy at two centers between May 2005 and August 2019. Propensity score matching (1:1) was used to reduce selection bias and imbalanced distribution of confounding factors.ResultsWe identified 84 eligible patients and used propensity scores to create well-matched groups of 35 patients who did or did not undergo LCT. Among all patients, the 1-year overall survival (OS) rate was 47.6% and the 2-year OS rate was 22.6%. Relative to the group that did not receive LCT, the LCT group had a significantly higher OS rate (13 months vs. 7 months, p = 0.002). The two groups had similar incidences and classifications of LCT-related side effects. In multivariable analysis, LCT was found to be strongly associated with a favorable OS (hazard ratio: 0.508, 95% confidence interval: 0.311-0.828, p = 0.001).ConclusionWe concluded that LCT was significantly associated with improved clinical outcomes among the Chinese patients with oligometastatic NSCLC who were eligible for systemic treatment and could undergo PET/CT evaluation.

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