• Res Nurs Health · Aug 1994

    Perceived control over pain: relation to distress and disability.

    • N Wells.
    • Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232-2410.
    • Res Nurs Health. 1994 Aug 1; 17 (4): 295-302.

    AbstractThe relationship between perceived control over pain and outcomes of distress and disability were studied in a sample consisting of 71 patients with chronic nonmalignant pain. The pain-related control belief subscales measured three aspects of control: lack of control, ability to cope, and negative outcome expectancy. After controlling for pain intensity, the control belief subscales explained a significant amount of the variance in distress and disability. These findings provide support for cognitive modulation of the distress and disability associated with chronic nonmalignant pain.

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