• Julianna do Amaral Ritter, Felipe Vogt Cureau, Débora Barbosa Ronca, Carina Andriatta Blume, Gabriela Heiden Teló, Suzi Alves Camey, de CarvalhoKênia Mara BaiocchiKMBGraduate Program in Human Nutrition, Universidade de Brasília, Brasília, Brazil., and Beatriz D Schaan.
• Postgraduate Program in Medical Sciences, Endocrinology, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil. Electronic address: juliannarit@gmail.com.
• Nutrition. 2021 Oct 1; 90: 111216.

ObjectiveThis study evaluated the association between diet quality, assessed by the Diet Quality Index for Adolescents adapted for Brazilians (DQIA-BR), and cardiometabolic markers in adolescents.MethodsThe DQIA-BR and cardiometabolic markers were assessed in 36 956 Brazilian adolescents (12-17 y old) enrolled in the Study of Cardiovascular Risks in Adolescents (ERICA), a national school-based cross-sectional multicenter study in Brazil. For analyses, the sample was stratified by sex and nutritional status. Multiple linear regressions were used to investigate the association between DQIA-BR and cardiometabolic markers (total cholesterol, HDL-c, LDL-c, triglycerides, fasting glucose and HOMA-IR). Adjusted models were constructed with two input levels of covariates. The first model was adjusted for sex, age, and socioeconomic status; in the second model, total energy intake, physical activity, and sedentary behavior were included.ResultsA higher DQIA-BR score was associated with a better cardiometabolic profile in girls with normal weight; however, no association was observed in those with overweight/obesity. In boys with overweight/obesity, a better quality of diet was associated with lower concentrations of total cholesterol (β = -0.338, 95% confidence interval [CI]: -0.611 to -0.066) and LDL-c (β = -0.227, 95% CI: -0.448 to -0.005), but only LDL-c remained significant in those with normal weight (β = -0.115, 95% CI: -0.224 to 0.005).ConclusionThe effects of diet quality on cardiometabolic risk factors differ according to sex and the presence of overweight/obesity. Overall, DQIA-BR is a suitable tool to evaluate the association between diet quality and cardiometabolic markers in normal-weight adolescents, but not for adolescents, especially girls, with overweight/obesity.Copyright © 2021 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

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