• Hoirun Nisa, Kevin H T Qi, Junhong Leng, Tao Zhou, Huikun Liu, Weiqin Li, Leishen Wang, Nan Li, Gang Hu, and Lu Qi.
• Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana.
• J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 2018 Jun 1; 103 (6): 2284-2290.

ContextDisturbed circadian rhythms and sleep quality during pregnancy have been related to gestational weight gain and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), which affect postpartum glucose metabolism and future risk of type 2 diabetes.ObjectiveWe assessed whether the circadian rhythm-related melatonin receptor 1B (MTNR1B) genotype was associated with 1 to 5 years of postpartum glycemic changes among women with a history of GDM and whether gestational weight gain modified such associations.Design, Settings, And ParticipantsThe established circadian rhythm-associated MTNR1B genetic variant (rs10830963) was genotyped in 1025 Chinese women with a history of GDM. Body weight and glycemic traits, during and after pregnancy, were longitudinally collected.Main Outcome MeasuresThe main outcome measure was postpartum glycemic changes.ResultsWe found that women carrying different MTNR1B genotypes showed distinct postpartum changes in 2-hour oral glucose tolerance test: 0.36, 0.20, and -0.19 mM per additional copy of the shorter sleep duration-related G allele in women with inadequate, adequate, and excessive gestational weight gain, respectively (for interaction, P = 0.028). The corresponding changes in fasting glucose were 0.14, 0.13, and 0.01 mM, although the modification effect of gestational weight gain on the genetic association was marginally significant (for interaction, P = 0.067).ConclusionsOur findings suggest that gestational weight gain may modify the circadian rhythm-related MTNR1B genetic variant on long-term glycemic changes, highlighting the significance of gestational weight management in diabetes prevention among women with GDM.

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