• Kexin Li and Gaosi Xu.
• Department of Nephrology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Jiangxi, China.
• J Diabetes. 2019 Aug 1; 11 (8): 645-655.

BackgroundThe safety and efficacy of sodium glucose co-transporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors in a dose-dependent manner for type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) are unclear.MethodsRandomized clinical trials (RCT) were searched from PubMed, EMBASE, the Cochrane Library, Web of Science and ClinicalTrials until August 2018.ResultsThirteen RCT with 5397 participants were included. SGLT2 inhibitors were proved to be effective in glycemic control and weight loss in T1DM. In the subgroups of different doses, SGLT2 inhibitors exhibited reductions in glycated haemoglobin, bodyweight, fasting plasma glucose, mean daily glucose, basal insulin dose, bolus insulin dose, estimated glomerular filtration rate and systolic blood pressure, and elevations in the mean amplitude of glucose excursions, and percentage of time in target glucose range in a dose-dependent manner. Reductions in total insulin dose and urinary glucose excretion were dose-independent. SGLT2 inhibitors did not induce hypoglycemia, severe hypoglycemia, cardiovascular events, bone fracture and all-cause mortality, but increased the risk of adverse events (AE), adverse events related to the drug treatment, infections, diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) and renal disease correlated with dosage.ConclusionsSGLT2 inhibitors in high and moderate doses can achieve a better outcome on efficacy, but may induce a higher risk of adverse events, especially DKA.© 2018 Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine and John Wiley & Sons Australia, Ltd.

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