• Srikanth Umakanthan and Maryann M Bukelo.
• Paraclinical Sciences, The University of the West Indies at Saint Augustine Faculty of Medical Sciences, Saint Augustine, Trinidad and Tobago.
• Postgrad Med J. 2023 May 22; 99 (1170): 265271265-271.

AbstractThe WHO classification of lung cancer (2015) is based on immunohistochemistry and molecular evaluation. This also includes microscopic analysis of morphological patterns that aids in the pathological diagnosis and classification of lung cancers. Lung cancers are the leading cause of cancer deaths worldwide. Recent advancements in identifying the etiopathogenesis are majorly driven by gene mutation studies. This has been explained by The Cancer Genome Atlas, next-generation sequencer and TRAcking non-small cell lung cancer evolution through therapy [Rx]. This article reviews the genetic profile of adenocarcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, small cell carcinoma, large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma and pulmonary carcinoids. This includes the prolific genetic alterations and novel molecular changes seen in these tumours. In addition, target- specific drugs that have shown promising effects in clinical use and trials are also briefly discussed.© The Author(s) 2021. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Postgraduate Medical Journal. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com.

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