• J Orthop Sports Phys Ther · May 2015

    Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo is associated with an increased risk of fracture: a population-based cohort study.

    • Wen-Ling Liao, Tzu-Pu Chang, Hsuan-Ju Chen, and Chia-Hung Kao.
    • Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Taichung Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Taichung, Taiwan.
    • J Orthop Sports Phys Ther. 2015 May 1; 45 (5): 406-12.

    Study DesignA nationwide, population-based, retrospective cohort study.ObjectivesTo investigate whether benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) is associated with an increased risk of fracture.Background Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo is a brief rotational vertigo induced by head position change that may increase the risk of falls and, therefore, fracture.MethodsData from the Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database were used for this study. We selected a case cohort comprising 3796 patients aged over 20 years who were newly diagnosed with BPPV between 2000 and 2006. In addition, we randomly selected a control cohort of 15 184 individuals without BPPV. Patients with BPPV were matched to individuals in the control group according to sex, age, and index year. A Cox proportional hazard regression was performed to compute the hazard ratio of fracture, after adjusting for demographic characteristics and comorbidities.ResultsThe prevalence of comorbidities was higher among patients with BPPV. After adjusting for age, sex, and comorbidities, patients with BPPV exhibited a 1.14-fold (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.04, 1.25; P<.01) higher risk of fracture than those without BPPV. Trunk fracture (vertebra, rib, and pelvis) was the fracture type with the highest adjusted hazard ratio (1.24; 95% CI: 1.06, 1.45; P<.01) in patients with BPPV relative to those without BPPV. An analysis stratified according to demographic factors revealed that men with BPPV exhibited a 1.43-fold (95% CI: 1.22, 1.66; P<.001) higher risk of fracture. Patients with BPPV aged over 65 years exhibited a significantly higher risk of fracture (adjusted hazard ratio = 1.17; 95% CI: 1.03, 1.33; P<.05) than did those without BPPV.ConclusionPatients with BPPV exhibited a higher risk of fracture than did those without BPPV.Level Of EvidencePrognosis, level 2b.

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