• Wei Sang, Ming Shi, Jingjing Yang, Jiang Cao, Linyan Xu, Dongmei Yan, Meixue Yao, Hui Liu, Weidong Li, Bing Zhang, Kemeng Sun, Xuguang Song, Cai Sun, Jun Jiao, Yuanyuan Qin, Tingting Sang, Yuanyuan Ma, Mei Wu, Xiang Gao, Hai Cheng, Zhiling Yan, Depeng Li, Haiying Sun, Feng Zhu, Ying Wang, Lingyu Zeng, Zhenyu Li, Junnian Zheng, and Kailin Xu.
• Department of Hematology, the Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.
• Cancer Med. 2020 Aug 1; 9 (16): 5827-5838.

PurposeAnti-CD19 chimeric antigen receptor T (CAR-T) cell therapy has demonstrated remarkable efficacy for refractory and relapsed diffuse large B cell lymphoma (R/R DLBCL). However, this therapy failed in nearly 25% patients mainly due to antigen loss. The authors performed a phase Ⅱ trial by coadministration of anti-CD19 and anti-CD20 CAR-T cells treatment for R/R DLBCL and evaluated its efficacy and toxicity.MethodsTotally 21 patients with DLBCL were enrolled in this study. The patients were conditioned with fludarabine and cyclophosphamide before the infusion of anti-CD19 and anti-CD20 CAR-T cells. Treatment response, toxicity, and persistence were monitored continuously.ResultsOf the 21 patients received the treatment, the objective response rate (ORR) is 81.0% (95% confidence interval [CI], 58.1%-94.6%) with four cases of bulk (4/5) and one case of testis involvement; 52.4% (95% CI, 29.8%-74.3%) had a complete response (CR). Peak levels of anti-CD19 and anti-CD20 CAR cells were associated with response (P = .007 and .002). Grade 3-4 cytokine release syndrome (CRS) and neurologic events occurred in 28.5% and 9.5% patients, respectively. Median overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) were 8.1 and 5.0 months, respectively. The maximum standard uptake value (SUVmax) of CD4/CD8 ratio before and after infusion were associated with responses, and the total lesion glycolysis (TLG) before infusion correlates with cytokines level.ConclusionsCoadministration of anti-CD19 and CD20 CAR-T cells therapy for DLBCL is feasible with manageable toxicity. Cytokine markers are related to toxicity and SUVmax could predict efficacy. This trial was registered at www.clinicaltrials.gov as NCT03207178.© 2020 The Authors. Cancer Medicine published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

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