• Tao Hu, Hui Qi, Pei Li, Guoqiang Zhao, Yangcheng Ma, Qianyun Hao, Chunzhi Gao, Yilin Zhang, Chunyao Wang, Meng Yang, Robert M Hoffman, Ping Chen, and Ziming Dong.
• College of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University; Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan province for cancer chemoprevention, Zhengzhou, P.R. China Laboratory Animal Center, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, P.R. China.
• Anticancer Res. 2015 Sep 1; 35 (9): 4655-63.

Background/AimsEsophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is a recalcitrant cancer. Mouse models of this disease could be used for discovery of more effective therapy for ESCC.Materials And MethodsThe green fluorescent protein (GFP)-expressing human esophageal cancer EC1 cell line was established with a lentiviral expression system. Subsequently, nude mice were injected subcutaneously, intracardiac or intravenously, or orthotopically implanted with EC1-GFP cells. Tumor growth and metastasis were examined by fluorescence in vivo imaging or by open fluorescence imaging after autopsy.ResultsFour different mouse xenograft models of ESCC expressing GFP were established. In the subcutaneous model, primary tumor growth was monitored in real-time by whole-body fluorescence imaging. No metastasis was observed in the subcutaneous or surgical orthotopic implantation model. By 55 days after implantation, all mice had developed orthotopic esophageal cancer, but without detectable metastasis. In contrast, experimental metastasis occurred in the intracardiac and intravenous models. In the intravenous injection model, the lung was the sole organ of experimental metastasis. In the intracardiac model, extensive experimental metastases occurred in the bone, brain and lung.ConclusionThe mouse xenograft models of ESCC developed in the present study can provide a means of discovering more effective therapy of this recalcitrant type of cancer.Copyright© 2015 International Institute of Anticancer Research (Dr. John G. Delinassios), All rights reserved.

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