• Int J Mol Sci · Oct 2019

    Natural Killer Cell Function Tests by Flowcytometry-Based Cytotoxicity and IFN-γ Production for the Diagnosis of Adult Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis.

    • Hyeyoung Lee, Hoon Seok Kim, Jong-Mi Lee, Ki Hyun Park, Ae-Ran Choi, Jae-Ho Yoon, Hyejin Ryu, and Eun-Jee Oh.
    • Department of Laboratory Medicine, Catholic Kwandong University International St. Mary's Hospital, Incheon 22711, Korea. shomermaid@catholic.ac.kr.
    • Int J Mol Sci. 2019 Oct 30; 20 (21).

    AbstractAlthough natural killer (NK) cell function is a hallmark of hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH), there is no standard method or data on its diagnostic value in adults. Thus, we performed a single-center retrospective study of 119 adult patients with suspected HLH. NK cell function was determined using both flowcytometry-based NK-cytotoxicity test (NK-cytotoxicity) and NK cell activity test for interferon-gamma (NKA-IFNγ). NK cell phenotype and serum cytokine levels were also tested. Fifty (42.0%) HLH patients showed significantly reduced NK cell function compared to 69 non-HLH patients by both NK-cytotoxicity and NKA-IFNγ (p < 0.001 and p = 0.020, respectively). Agreement between NK-cytotoxicity and NKA-IFNγ was 88.0% in HLH patients and 58.0% in non-HLH patients. NK-cytotoxicity and NKA-IFNγ assays predicted HLH with sensitivities of 96.0% and 92.0%, respectively. The combination of NKA-IFNγ and ferritin (>10,000 µg/L) was helpful for ruling out HLH, with a specificity of 94.2%. Decreased NK-cytotoxicity was associated with increased soluble IL-2 receptor levels and decreased CD56dim NK cells. Decreased NKA-IFNγ was associated with decreased serum cytokine levels. We suggest that both NK-cytotoxicity and NKA-IFNγ could be used for diagnosis of HLH. Further studies are needed to validate the diagnostic and prognostic value of NK cell function tests.

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