• Cancer Epidemiol. Biomarkers Prev. · Sep 1995

    Intraindividual and interindividual differences in metabolites of the tobacco-specific lung carcinogen 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone (NNK) in smokers' urine.

    • S G Carmella, S A Akerkar, J P Richie, and S S Hecht.
    • American Health Foundation, Valhalla, New York 10595, USA.
    • Cancer Epidemiol. Biomarkers Prev. 1995 Sep 1; 4 (6): 635-42.

    AbstractThis study describes quantitation in smokers' urine of two metabolites of the tobacco-specific lung carcinogen 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone (NNK). The metabolites are 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanol (NNAL), which is also a lung carcinogen, and its O-glucuronide (NNAL-Gluc), a presumed detoxification product of NNK. Using updated methodology, levels of NNAL, NNAL-Gluc, and cotinine were determined in the urine of 61 smokers. The NNAL-Gluc: NNAL ratio, a potential marker for NNK detoxification potential, varied 16-fold in this group. Two phenotypes of this ratio were apparent; one ranging from 0 to 6 and found in 85% of the smokers and a second ranging from 6 to 11. The short-term and long-term consistency of the ratio was investigated. Studies carried out over a 4-5 day period indicated that the NNAL-Gluc: NNAL ratio was reasonably stable. Subjects who donated urine samples on two occasions separated by 4-16 months were classified in the same group (ratio range, 0-6 or 6-11) each time. Different urine collection protocols appeared to have little influence on the NNAL-Gluc: ratio. Thus, intraindividual differences in the NNAL-Gluc:NNAL ratio were generally small, whereas interindividual differences were large. Amounts of NNAL, NNAL-Gluc, and cotinine excreted by smokers were constant in 24-h samples obtained over a 3-day period of constant cigarette intake and controlled diet. Levels of NNAL, NNAL-Gluc, and NNAL plus NNAL-Gluc correlated with cotinine in a study of 61 smokers without controlled diet or smoking (r = 0.58; P < 0.0001).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

      Pubmed     Free full text   Copy Citation     Plaintext  

      Add institutional full text...

    Notes

     
    Knowledge, pearl, summary or comment to share?
    300 characters remaining
    help        
    You can also include formatting, links, images and footnotes in your notes
    • Simple formatting can be added to notes, such as *italics*, _underline_ or **bold**.
    • Superscript can be denoted by <sup>text</sup> and subscript <sub>text</sub>.
    • Numbered or bulleted lists can be created using either numbered lines 1. 2. 3., hyphens - or asterisks *.
    • Links can be included with: [my link to pubmed](http://pubmed.com)
    • Images can be included with: ![alt text](https://bestmedicaljournal.com/study_graph.jpg "Image Title Text")
    • For footnotes use [^1](This is a footnote.) inline.
    • Or use an inline reference [^1] to refer to a longer footnote elseweher in the document [^1]: This is a long footnote..

    hide…