• Cristina V Cardemil, Karen A Cullen, LaTreace Harris, Stacie M Greby, and Tammy A Santibanez.
• Immunization Services Division, National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia (Drs Cardemil, Cullen, Greby, and Santibanez and Ms Harris). Dr Cullen is now with Malaria Branch, Division of Parasitic Diseases and Malaria, Center for Global Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia.
• J Public Health Manag Pract. 2016 May 1; 22 (3): 245-54.

ContextUse of Immunization information systems (IISs) by providers can improve vaccination rates by identifying missed opportunities. However, provider reporting of children's vaccination histories to IISs remains suboptimal.ObjectiveTo assess factors associated with provider reporting to an IIS.DesignAnalysis of 2006-2012 National Immunization Survey (NIS) and NIS-Teen data. NIS and NIS-Teen are ongoing random-digit-dial telephone surveys of households with children and adolescents, respectively, followed by a mail survey to providers to obtain the patient's vaccination history.Setting And ParticipantsA total of 115 285 children aged 19 to 35 months and 83 612 adolescents aged 13 to 17 years and their immunization providers in the United States.Main Outcome MeasuresThe percentage of children and adolescents with 1 or more providers reporting to or obtaining vaccination information from their local IISs. Multivariable logistic regression was used to examine patient and provider factors associated with provider reporting to IISs and adjusted prevalence of children and adolescents with 1 or more providers reporting to IISs.ResultsIn 2012, 79.4% of children and 77.4% of adolescents had 1 or more providers report any of their vaccination data to an IIS, and 41.9% of children and 51.5% of adolescents had providers who obtained any of their vaccination histories from an IIS. During 2006-2012, children and adolescents were more likely to have any of their vaccination data reported to an IIS if they received care from all public versus all private providers (children: 84.4% vs 69.6%, P < .0001; adolescents: 84.6% vs 66.4%, P < .0001), had 1 or more providers who ordered vaccines from a state or local health department (children: 76.7% vs 59.5%, P < .0001; adolescents: 77.0% vs 55.6%, P < .0001), or had 1 or more providers obtain vaccination information from the IIS (children: 86.1% vs 71.2%, P < .0001; adolescents: 83.7% vs 64.6%, P < .0001).ConclusionsHealth department staff should target providers less likely to use IIS services, including private providers, and providers not ordering vaccines from health departments to ensure they use IIS services.

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