• Rhian Siân Davies, Christian Smith, and Jason Francis Lester.
• Velindre Cancer Centre, Cardiff, Wales, U.K. rhian.s.davies@wales.nhs.uk.
• Anticancer Res. 2016 Apr 1; 36 (4): 1799-803.

BackgroundThere are no published randomised trials on the efficacy of enzalutamide against metastatic castrate-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) after docetaxel and abiraterone. We evaluated the activity of third-line enzalutamide in men with mCRPC after docetaxel and abiraterone.Patients And MethodsProgression-free (PFS) and overall (OS) survival from the start of enzalutamide were compared according to response to abiraterone in men with mCRPC treated at a single cancer centre.ResultsMedian PFS and OS for the whole 34-patient cohort from starting enzalutamide were 2.7 months (95% confidence interval=1.4-4.0 months) and 10.4 months (95% confidence interval=9.0-11.7 months). There was no significant difference in PFS and OS in patients according to prostate-specific antigen response to abiraterone (≥50% vs. <50%, ≤ or >6 months).ConclusionIn mCRPC, enzalutamide has modest activity after docetaxel and abiraterone. Response to previous abiraterone is not predictive of subsequent enzalutamide response.Copyright© 2016 International Institute of Anticancer Research (Dr. John G. Delinassios), All rights reserved.

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