• Abdelkarim S Aloweidi, Sami A Abu-Halaweh, Ghazi M Al-Edwan, Saddam H Al Demour, Laith T Abu Mahfuz, Osama N Noubani, Mohammad M Al Rwaidi, Isam K Bsisu, and Mohammad M Abufaraj.
• From the Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care (Aloweidi, Abu-Halaweh, Abu Mahfuz, Noubani, Al Rwaidi, Bsisu); from the Division of Urology, Department of Special Surgery (Al-Edwan, AL Demour, Abufaraj), School of Medicine, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan; and from the Department of Urology (Abufaraj), Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
• Saudi Med J. 2021 Jun 1; 42 (6): 629-635.

ObjectivesTo compare sedoanalgesia achieved using propofol-fentanyl-ketamine (PFK) combination with general anesthesia (GA) in terms of safety, hemodynamic stability, and perioperative complications.MethodsPatients in the GA group were anesthetized using fentanyl (2 μg kg-1) and propofol (2 mg kg-1). The PFK group was anesthetized using a mixture of which each one ml contains 0.005 mg of fentanyl, 5 mg of propofol, 5 mg of ketamine, and 2 mg of lidocaine. Patients received an initial dose of 0.05 ml kg-1, followed by 0.05 mg kg-1 60 seconds later. Maintenance boluses of 0.025 ml kg-1 were administered every 3-5 minutes. Respiration occurred spontaneously through a simple face mask with 3 L min-1 O2.ResultsThe GA group had 37 (37%) patients develop hypotensive episodes, compared to one (1%) episode in the PFK group (p<0.001). Five (5%) patients in the PFK group had an episode of transient O2 desaturation, compared to one (1%) patient in the GA group (p=0.212). The duration of induction and termination of anesthesia were significantly shorter in the PFK group (p<0.001).ConclusionThe PFK combination herein described is safe, effective, and provides intraoperative hemodynamic stability in patients with multiple comorbidities undergoing urological procedures.Copyright: © Saudi Medical Journal.

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