• Int J Obes (Lond) · Sep 2021

    Observational Study

    Are adipokines the missing link between obesity, immune response, and outcomes in severe COVID-19?

    • Mathieu Blot, David MassonUniversité Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France.INSERM, LNC UMR 1231, Dijon, France.FCS Bourgogne-Franche Comté, LipSTIC LabEx, Dijon, France.Laboratory of Clinical Chemistry, Dijon Bourgogne University Hospital, Dijon, France., Maxime Nguyen, Abderrahmane Bourredjem, LYMPHONIE Study Group, Christine Binquet, and Lionel Piroth.
    • Infectious Diseases Department, Dijon Bourgogne University Hospital, Dijon, France. mathieu.blot@chu-dijon.fr.
    • Int J Obes (Lond). 2021 Sep 1; 45 (9): 2126-2131.

    IntroductionObesity is commonly reported in COVID-19 patients and is associated with poorer outcomes. It is suggested that leptin could be the missing link between obesity and severe COVID-19. Our study aimed to unravel the link between adipokines, COVID-19 status, immune response, and outcomes in severe pneumonia.MethodsIn this prospective observational single-center study, 63 immunocompetent patients with severe pneumonia (36 non-COVID-19 and 27 COVID-19) were enrolled, most required intensive care. Clinical and biological characteristics (glucose metabolism, plasma adipokines, and cytokine concentrations) and outcomes were compared.ResultsAt similar baseline severity, COVID-19 patients required mechanical ventilation for significantly longer than non-COVID-19 patients (p = 0.0049). Plasma concentrations of leptin and adiponectin were respectively positively and negatively correlated with BMI and glucose metabolism (glycemia and insulinemia), but not significantly different between the two groups. Leptin levels were negatively correlated with IL-1β and IL-6, but the adipokines were not correlated with most other inflammatory mediators, baseline severity (SOFA score), or the duration of mechanical ventilation.ConclusionAdipokine levels were correlated with BMI but not with most inflammatory mediators, severity, or outcomes in severe pneumonia, regardless of the origin. The link between obesity, dysregulated immune response, and life-threatening COVID-19 requires further investigation.Clinical TrialClinicalTrials.gov: NCT03505281.© 2021. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Limited.

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