• M C Murphy, S G Isherwood, S Sethi, B J Gould, J W Wright, J A Knapper, and C M Williams.
• Nutrition Research Centre, School of Biological Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, UK.
• Eur J Clin Nutr. 1995 Aug 1; 49 (8): 578-88.

ObjectiveSubstrate and hormone responses to meals of differing fat content were evaluated in normal subjects in order to investigate mechanisms underlying the regulation of postprandial lipoprotein concentration.DesignA randomised cross-over study with three different meals on three occasions.SettingFree-living subjects associated with Surrey University.SubjectsTen male volunteers (aged 18-23 years) were recruited.InterventionsThree test meals containing 20, 40 or 80 g fat but identical carbohydrate and protein content were randomly allocated to volunteers.Major Outcome MeasuresPre- and postprandial blood samples were taken for the analysis of plasma triacylglycerol, non-esterified fatty acids, glucose, immunoreactive insulin and glucose-dependent insulinotrophic polypeptide levels and postheparin lipoprotein lipase activity measurements.ResultsPeak triacylglycerol concentrations and lipoprotein lipase activity measurements were significantly higher following the 80 g than the 20 g fat meal (P = 0.009 and P = 0.049 respectively). Areas under the glucose-dependent insulinotrophic polypeptide time-response concentration curves were significantly higher following the 80 g compared with the 20 g fat meal (P = 0.04), but no differences in insulin response to the meals were seen. The 30-360 min decrease in the non-esterified fatty acid concentration was less following the 80 g than the 20 g meal (P = 0.001).ConclusionsThe results suggest that glucose-dependent insulinotrophic polypeptide may mediate increased lipoprotein lipase activity in response to fat-containing meals and may play a role in circulating lipoprotein homeostasis. This mechanism may be overloaded with high fat meals with adverse consequences on circulating triacylglycerol and NEFA concentrations.

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