• Oluseye Ogunmoroti, Olatokunbo Osibogun, Erica S Spatz, Victor Okunrintemi, Lena Mathews, Chiadi E Ndumele, and Erin D Michos.
• Ciccarone Center for the Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA; Division of Cardiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA. Electronic address: seyeogunmoroti@gmail.com.
• Prev Med. 2022 Jan 1; 154: 106891.

AbstractDepression is a mental health disorder associated with a 2-fold increase in cardiovascular disease risk. However, the association between depression and cardiovascular health (CVH), as reflected by the American Heart Association's (AHA) CVH metrics, is incompletely understood. We aimed to systematically review the current evidence to understand and clarify whether a bidirectional relationship exists between depressive symptoms and CVH. We conducted a systematic review by searching EMBASE, Google Scholar, PubMed and Web of Science from inception to May 2021. MeSH terms and keywords were used to identify studies with information on depressive symptoms and CVH. Among 132 articles screened, 11 studies were included with 101,825 participants. Eight studies were cross-sectional while 3 studies used a prospective cohort design. Five studies found an association between participants with unfavorable CVH and depressive symptoms. Six studies found an association between participants with depressive symptoms and unfavorable CVH. In summary, we found a bidirectional relationship may exist between depressive symptoms and CVH. Further research is required to quantify the risk and identify the biological mechanisms underlying the association between depressive symptoms and unfavorable CVH so adequate screening and interventions can be directed towards people with depressive symptoms or unfavorable CVH.Copyright © 2021 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

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