• Preventive medicine · Jan 2022

    Birth weight, adult weight, and cardiovascular biomarkers: Evidence from the Cardiovascular Young Finns Study.

    • Jaakko Pehkonen, Jutta Viinikainen, Jaana T Kari, Petri Böckerman, Terho Lehtimäki, Jorma Viikari, and Olli Raitakari.
    • School of Business and Economics, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland. Electronic address: jaakko.k.pehkonen@jyu.fi.
    • Prev Med. 2022 Jan 1; 154: 106894.

    AbstractThis study quantifies the causal effect of birth weight on cardiovascular biomarkers in adulthood using the Cardiovascular Risk in Young Finns Study (YFS). We apply a multivariable Mendelian randomization (MVMR) method that provides a novel approach to improve inference in causal analysis based on a mediation framework. The results show that birth weight is linked to triglyceride levels (β = -0.294; 95% CI [-0.591, 0.003]) but not to low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol levels (β = 0.007; 95% CI [-0.168, 0.183]). The total effect of birth weight on triglyceride levels is partly offset by a mediation pathway linking birth weight to adult BMI (β = 0.111; 95% CI [-0.013, 0.234]). The negative total effect is consistent with the fetal programming hypothesis. The positive indirect effect via adult BMI highlights the persistence of body weight throughout a person's life and the adverse effects of high BMI on health. The results are consistent with previous findings that both low birth weight and weight gain increase health risks in adulthood.Copyright © 2021 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

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