-
- Paweł K Burduk, Małgorzata Wierzchowska, Lech Grzelalak, Krzysztof Dalke, and Józef Mierzwiński.
- Klinika Otolaryngologii Collegium Medicum w Bydgoszczy Uniwersytetu Mikołaja Kopernika w Toruniu. pburduk@wp.pl
- Otolaryngol Pol. 2008 Jan 1; 62 (2): 138-40.
AbstractDiffuse Idiopathic Skeletal Hyperostosis (DISH) is a condition characterized by calcification and ossification of soft tissues, mainly ligaments and enthesis. Dysphagia is the commonest complaint, stridor secondary to osteophyte compression has rarely been documented. The osteophytes may cause symptoms by mechanical compression or by inducting inflammatory reaction. When an upper segment of the C-spine is involved, particular C3 - C4 level, the larynx may be affected. This could be result of hoarseness, stridor, laryngeal stenosis and obstruction. Sometimes vocal fold paralysis may result from injury to the recurrent laryngeal nerve. Treatment of the breathing problems required first on stabilization the airway with tracheostomy. Next step is osteophysectomy which generally relief patients from symptoms.
Notes
Knowledge, pearl, summary or comment to share?You can also include formatting, links, images and footnotes in your notes
- Simple formatting can be added to notes, such as
*italics*
,_underline_
or**bold**
. - Superscript can be denoted by
<sup>text</sup>
and subscript<sub>text</sub>
. - Numbered or bulleted lists can be created using either numbered lines
1. 2. 3.
, hyphens-
or asterisks*
. - Links can be included with:
[my link to pubmed](http://pubmed.com)
- Images can be included with:
![alt text](https://bestmedicaljournal.com/study_graph.jpg "Image Title Text")
- For footnotes use
[^1](This is a footnote.)
inline. - Or use an inline reference
[^1]
to refer to a longer footnote elseweher in the document[^1]: This is a long footnote.
.