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Pediatric radiology · Jul 1979
Case ReportsSystemic air embolism in the respiratory distress syndrome of the newborn.
- H C Oppermann, L Wille, M Obladen, and E Richter.
- Pediatr Radiol. 1979 Jul 24; 8 (3): 139-45.
AbstractDetails of 25 cases of neonatal systemic air embolism, including three of our patients, are reviewed. This rare complication of respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) was observed in 21 premature infants and 4 fullterm newborns, of whom 23 required intermittent positive pressure ventilation (IPPV). In 21 of these patients air embolism was preceded by pulmonary interstitial emphysema, pneumomediastinum, pneumothorax and/or pneumopericardium. Air embolism occurred between 3 and 288 hours after delivery. The outcome was lethal in 24 cases, only one patient survived. Two main pathogenic mechanisms are discussed; entrance of air from ruptured alveoli into the lung capillaries and introduction of air via catheters in umbilical vessels.
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