• Julia Bell, Ulrik Sartipy, Martin J Holzmann, and Daniel Hertzberg.
• Department of Perioperative Medicine and Intensive Care, Karolinska University Hospital, Solna, Stockholm, Sweden.
• J. Cardiothorac. Vasc. Anesth. 2022 Apr 1; 36 (4): 962-970.

ObjectiveTo assess sex differences in short- and long-term mortality in patients who develop acute kidney injury (AKI) after coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG).DesignAn observational cohort study.SettingA multicenter, nationwide, population-based, observational cohort study.ParticipantsAll patients (n = 32,013) who underwent primary nonemergent isolated CABG in Sweden between January 1, 2003, and December 31, 2013.InterventionsAKI and its association with 90-day mortality were analyzed using logistic regression. AKI and its association with long-term mortality were analyzed using Cox regression analysis.Measurements And Main ResultsAKI was defined as an absolute increase by 26 µmol/L or a relative increase by 50% postoperatively compared with the preoperative serum creatinine concentration. Ninety-day mortality was defined as death by any cause within 90 days after surgery. Long-term mortality was defined as death by any cause from day 91 after surgery to the end of the study period. In total, 13.9% of women and 14.4% of men developed AKI after CABG. The multivariate-adjusted odds ratio (95% confidence interval [CI]) for death within 90 days in patients with AKI compared to those without AKI was 5.1 (3.6-7.2) and 5.2 (4.2-6.6) in women and men, respectively (p for interaction = 0.74). The multivariate-adjusted hazard ratio (95% CI) for long-term death in those with AKI compared to those without AKI was 1.4 (1.2-1.7) and 1.3 (1.2-1.4) in women and men, respectively (p for interaction = 0.27).ConclusionAKI after CABG was associated with a similar increase in 90-day and long-term mortality in both women and men.Copyright © 2021 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

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