• Wajid Jawaid, Muhammad Irfan, Sundus Mehtab Shafee, Sidra Javed Barry, Sayed Mustafa Mahmood Shah, and Naila Shahbaz.
• Wajid Jawaid, FCPS Neurology, Department of Neurology, Dow University of Health Sciences & Dr. Ruth K. M Pfau Civil Hospital, Karachi, Pakistan.
• Pak J Med Sci. 2022 Jan 1; 38 (1): 16-22.

ObjectivesThis study aimed to evaluate the etiology, outcomes and prognostic factors associated with status epilepticus (SE) admissions in Neurology Department of a tertiary care hospital.MethodsA retrospective review was performed on all SE admissions at Dr. Ruth K.M. Pfau Civil Hospital Karachi over a five-year period from July 2015 to June 2020. Demographic, clinical, and etiological factors were investigated for prognostic value. Statistical tests were applied to determine significant prognostic factors. A five percent significance level was used.ResultsA total of 176 patients were included in the study. Mortality was reported in 22 cases (12.5%) and morbidity at six months was observed in 44 cases (25.0%). Male gender, previous history of SE, prolonged seizure duration, and late presentation to hospital were significantly associated with mortality (p<0.05). De novo cases of SE tended to be older (p=0.048) and were associated with morbidity at follow-up (p=0.000). The most common causes of epilepsy in our patients with SE were CNS infections (n=54) and Idiopathic epilepsy (n=34). Non-compliance to medicines/under-dosing was the most common provocative factor (n=68). Acute symptomatic causes of SE were more likely to be associated with greater morbidity (p=0.000). Refractory and super-refractory SE were strongly associated with higher mortality (p=0.000). A longer duration of hospital stay was associated with higher morbidity (p=0.000).ConclusionMale gender, poor control of seizures, CNS infections, prolonged seizures, delayed hospital arrival and refractory/super-refractory status epilepticus were key determinants of mortality in our setting. Previous history of status epilepticus, and acute and symptomatic etiologies were associated with higher morbidity.Copyright: © Pakistan Journal of Medical Sciences.

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