• Ignacio Popoca-Rodríguez and Graciela Cárdenas.
• Clinical Research Unit, Neuroinfectology Department, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía "Manuel Velasco Suarez," Mexico City, Mexico.
• Gac Med Mex. 2021 Jan 1; 157 (4): 371-376.

IntroductionTuberculosis (TB) in Mexico remains an important cause of morbidity and mortality; in the past 4 years, 110,681 cases of pulmonary tuberculosis and 1571 cases of tuberculous meningitis were reported.ObjectiveTo determine the neurocognitive sequelae, clinical presentation and neuroimaging alterations in patients with central nervous system tuberculosis.MethodsA retrospective, analytical, and cross-sectional study was carried out from 2010 to 2019. Patients with central nervous system tuberculosis, with and without HIV/AIDS coinfection, were included.ResultsDuring the study period, 104 cases with a definitive or probable central nervous system tuberculosis diagnosis were included; 38% had HIV/AIDS coinfection, and 55%, various comorbidities (p = 0.0001); 49% had cognitive alterations, and 14% died.ConclusionsAlthough HIV/AIDS infection can contribute to cognitive decline in patients with tuberculous meningitis, no differences were observed between patients with and without HIV/AIDS. Cognitive sequelae showed improvement during follow-up with adequate management and therapeutic control of the patients.Copyright: © 2021 Permanyer.

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