• Enas Ahmed Mohamed and Hussien H Kassem.
• Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.
• Arch Med Sci. 2018 Oct 1; 14 (6): 1450-1458.

IntroductionThe cardiotoxicity of doxorubicin is incompletely understood. We investigated the prophylactic effect of nebivolol on doxorubicin-induced cardiac toxicity.Material And MethodsThirty rats were divided into a control group, doxorubicin-treated group and nebivolol + doxorubicin-treated group. The specimens were examined using H + E and Masson's trichrome, caspase 3, endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and tumor necrosis factor factor-α (TNF-α). The mean area percentage of collagen fiber content, caspase-3, eNOS, iNOS and TNF-α immunoactivities was measured.ResultsThe doxorubicin-treated group showed marked myocyte distortion and fragmentation, congestion and cytoplasmic lysis in most fibers. These changes were less intense in the nebivolol-treated group. The mean area percentage of collagen fiber in the nebivolol-treated group was non-significantly smaller (p = 0.07) than that in the doxorubicin-treated group. The expression of caspase-3 (p = 0.03), eNOS (p ≤ 0.001), iNOS (p < 0.001) and TNF-α (p = 0.003) immunoreactivity was improved in the nebivolol-treated group.ConclusionsNebivolol exerted a significant protective effect from doxorubicin toxicity. The protective effect appears to be mediated mainly through caspase-3, eNOS, iNOS and TNF-α modulation.

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